Heat-responsive closure



July 19, 1932. H. RACKEBRANDT HEAT RESPONSIVE CLOSURE Filed April 10.1950 Patented July 19, 1932 i UNITED STATES PATBNTOFFwE BrummenRACXEBRANDT, orv HANNOVER-LINDEN, GERMANY' HEAT-ruisPoNsrvn cLosuaE I iL Apjaicaton linea April 1o, 1930, serial 110. Managua-in Germany april`30,' i929.

My invention relates tov closures such asY doors, slides, gates and thelike, and more 'particularly to closures which are subjected todifferent temperatures on their inner and 5 outer faces. Myheat-responsive closure is particularly designed for drying and otherfurnaces in which-the temperature gradient between-the combustion ordrying chamber and the atmosphereis considerable.

It is an objectief my invention to'so design a closure of thekind'de'scribed that it will become heat-responsive, that is, will beable to stand temperature gradients without beingfdistorted, warped `orotherwise de- 15 formed by heat-stresses.

To this end I bund up the inner Shen of the.

closure, that is, the shell which is subjected to the highertemperature, from a plurality of independent and overlapping plates sothat Y 2o the' Shen is free to expand without buckling of its plates,`:and secure each plate at its centre of gravity in order to ensureuniformity of expansion of the plates.

I may also, in combination with the built- 25 up layer aforesaid, orindependently of it,V

provide means permitting `free expansionof the structure of the"closure. For instance, in a structure or'frame including severalconnected members like lattice work I may provide expansion gaps of anysuitable type, or, in a structure which includes sections,-I may recessor notch a flange, or several flanges, of a section or sections soV thatthe section `or sections will not buckle under heat stress.

Closures of the kind described are made of sheet metalor steelstructure, withl kor without insulating layers. As designed heretofore,'such structures involve the serious draw- `backthat they warp Vmore orless under the inlluence of the elevated temperature,become leaky andadmit Vcold air. vIn 'such cases troublesome and tedious operations arenecessary for repackingthe closure. Warping `and other deformations areparticularly inconvenient in large doors vor the like which as arule aredesigned as steel lattice work with an insulating layer. Those portionsof :the steel structure which face the interior of the furnace orthe'like are heated more inshown, any othertype of sections might hetensely than the portions which are'in'heat V- `siderable resistanceagainst displacement, or

become inoperative altogether.

p These'drawbacks are eliminated Vaccording -to my invention in whichthe inner layer of '50 the closure is free to expand due to its built-.up construction while the structure 'itself may be provided with gapsor notched sections for heat-expansion. V 1 y In the Vdrawing alixed Vtothis specification .g5 and forming part thereof a frameof lattice" workVembodyingniyinvention, and some .of its' details, .are .illustrated`Vdiagramn'iatically by way of example.V .L`

1 In-the drawing* built up'irom channel and angular sections, f `viewedfrom the' outside ofthe chamberfwhich it is designed to close, 1 11.Figa 2 is a ,section on the line-II-II@;in=15 Fig. 1, f v

l Fig. 3 is partly asection'- showing aportion of a slightly modifiedframe, andr partly an elevation of 'one of its bars showing the notchedlflange ofthe bar section,

Fig. 4 is a detail showing an expansion gap in a member of .therame,and`

Figs. 5, Gand 7 illustrateyarlous types i Voverlapping plates forV theinner shell.

and, a y,central strut 6, diagonal 8,-all of :channel section, and anglesections 19 extend- -ing in parallel to the transverse bars 4 and 5.

10l is a frame which yIisasecured on the outer l JAfaceof the frameV l,andll isV an unbroken shell `of sheet metal which is inserted between195 thel outer frame 10 and the membersfof. the mainframe l.

. Instead of channel and` angle sections as provided. y

Fig. `1 is an elevation ofa tramel ywhichis e l i '.rectangularplates 15in Fig. 5, for circular plates 16 in Fig.,6, and for hexagonal plates 17in Fig. 7. Eachplate is supported bya detachable bolt 18preferably at`its, centre lof,

gravity.Y The 'bolts 18 are inserted in holes 9 of the yerticalfvflangesof the sections 9,. i Yextend through the insulating layer 12 from'which they are separated by hollow cylinders 19, andV support theplates of theinn'ershell 14h57 their .heads20. vThe 'overlaps areconstitutedby a bevelled portion 21 at the edge Aolf one plate, and lastraight portion at the mating-'edgeof thefother plate, as best seen 1nin addition @the bolts isl which are ai;

' ranged 'at the vcentre Vof `gravity of the respective plates, a bolt22 is provided for each plate outside its centre 'of gravity forpreventing flifting of the plates. The bolts 22 -are 'down holdersxonlyand will not interfere with the uniform expansion of the platesbeoausethey are lnotbraced by 'eylinders'19, likethe 'bolts 18, and alsoare ,thinner than thefboltslf so that-they mayyieldvtransverselyinconformity With the'expansion and p c in Whichthetemperatures fatthe mner andV j fouterfacesof-f the closure aredifferent, comcontraction of the plates. n

Referring now to Fig.v 4,ione ofthe mein- "bers 'ofthe frame -1 'whichhave been shown G11., for instance', the longi- :secured to the WebofL'on'efof the parts byl rivets or the like 24:, and 25 are bolts Yfortheylike on vthe other part ofthe 'bar which enterlemadeasiotscean-ths'shgpia sa lIn'stea'd vof dividing the membersasillus# trated, their .flanges Amay be lrecessed or notched yas shown at'26 for lthe longitudinal 2 in Fig. y3, so that Whenfheat-'expansion ocy*l `o'ur's, the flanges Will not buckle under the Stress. l y p YBi'rect Vaction'of'the Vheat on the outer shell ,L11 afm-'d the .partsWhich -.are connected with it,

'is' preventedby the insulating layer 12, While y those parts whichV"are'subject/edito directv naeti'o'n'of the'iheatare fsoi'de'signed,that they 55 `are free to "expand substantially yWithout stress. IThisproblem mayfrbe vksolved Vin variou'sfway'sasdescribed.

i v'-seleotion of particular "modification of 7765Kthe invention isrvintended to theexclus-ion' 'of 1 gravity. f

Vis built up from over-lapping plates, and

in'eans for 'securing-Teach plate to saidframe at its centre of gravity.l

2. A'heat-responsive closure for structures in Which the temperatures at.theinner and outer faces of the closure aredifferent, comprising aiframe, a shell lonrsaidwfr-ame Which is built up fr oinover-lappingplates, means for securing each; plate to Asaid frameat. its

'center v*of gravity,and.means secured outside said centresof 4gravityyfor holding downsaid plates. .1 y

3; A heat-responsive kclosure Vfor:structures inwhichA theV temperatureslat the-inner vand outer facesfof theclosure are different,fc`om,-prising a frame, an outer shellpon said frame, an insulating-layer onsaid yshell, Von the side exposed to the higher temperature, ai shellbuiltup of'over-lapping plateson the-faceofv said insulatinglayer, and`bolts extending through said insulating `layer and said shells forvsecuring said-plates attheir centresV of y gravity 4. vA,heat-responsiye closure for structures prising a frame, van outer shellonsaid frame,

exposed tothe higher temperature, a shell for securing said platesfattheircentres of outside saidc'entres ofgravity. l Y

5. A heat-responsiveclosure for 'structures in Whichvthe'teniperatures,at the inner and outer faces of the closure 4are different, comprisinga frame, anouter shellon'said frame,

built up of over-lapping plates Withfone'of for. securing sai d yrplates .at their jcentrfes of Y 6. A `heat-responsiveclosureforstructures `in Whiclhthe temperature 'at 'the inner'and `outer facesVofthe closure are different, crom- .If/'li prisingaframe, means insaidframe ,-for {permittingheatr exp ansion, a shell y on Vsaid frameframeatits centre off'gravity. Y f fr Abuilt uprof--overdapping .plateson the facey of 'said insulating) layer,^. bolts extending through saidinsulating layer and said shells.

Tie

LanA insulatinglayer on said shell 4on the side 1 exposed to' thehighertemperature, `arshell which is built upv from overflappingplates, v andmeans for securing each plate to said 7. A heat-responsive closure forstructuresV in which the temperatures at the inner and outer faces ofthe closure are different, comprising a frame eonsistingpartly of angedmembers, a notched ange on one of vsaid* members, a shell on said framewhich is built up from over-lapping plates, and means for securing eachplate toy said fra-me at its centre of gravity. Y

In testimonywhereof I ax my signature.

HEINRICH RACKEBRANDT.

